Primary brain tumors are tumors that originate from the tissues of the brain or the tissues surrounding the brain. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults. GBM accounts for over 60% of all primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. 5-year survival for GBM is extremely poor at ~10%.
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial tumors in adults, accounting for significantly more than 50% of brain tumors. Approximately 30~40% of all cancer patients are known to develop brain metastases. There has been an increase in metastatic brain lesions due to early detection, as well as better treatments for primary cancer leading to longer patient survival.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes defects in memory, cognition and behavior. Today, there are approximately 50 million AD patients worldwide, and the prevalence of AD is doubling every 5 years in people over the age of 60.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain which are responsible for body movement, leading to loss of motor control. Today, there are approximately 10 million PD patients worldwide.